Recent advancements in carbon capture materials research: innovative optimization of materials synthesis and engineering applications

Abstract

The escalating urgency of global climate change has propelled the advancement of efficient carbon capture technologies. This review systematically summarizes recent developments in carbon capture materials, with a particular focus on adsorption-based strategies. It discusses the structural optimization, performance enhancement, and application prospects of high-performance material systems such as metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), porous organic polymers (POPs), porous carbon-based materials, functionalized composites, and ionic liquids. Moreover, the review highlights the significance of solid waste valorization in material design, outlining the progress in converting blast furnace slag, biomass, lignin, and natural minerals into cost-effective and sustainable CO₂ sorbents. The distinctions between physisorption and chemisorption mechanisms, regeneration technologies, and the industrial potential of pressure swing adsorption (PSA) and temperature swing adsorption (TSA) processes are thoroughly analyzed. By integrating synthesis methodologies, adsorption mechanisms, and engineering applications, this work aims to provide theoretical guidance and technological reference for the development and large-scale deployment of advanced carbon capture materials, thereby contributing to carbon neutrality and global climate mitigation.