Issue 1, 2020

Bioinspired carbon dots (biodots): emerging fluorophores with tailored multiple functionalities for biomedical, agricultural and environmental applications

Abstract

Nature provides abundant resources to support life on our planet. In particular, biological systems possess unique properties and functions such as bio-recognition and self-assembly, which makes them an attractive inspiration for mankind to design smart materials at the molecular level. This review reports an emerging class of bioinspired fluorescent nanodots (biodots) derived from natural resources ranging from small biomolecules, biopolymers to biomass for a wide spectrum of technological applications. These “biodots” are carbonaceous in nature with inherent biocompatibility, which can be molecularly engineered to obtain both biological and physiochemical properties in one entity similar to the molecular machines in cells. Importantly, the surface properties and functionalities of biodots can be fine-tuned depending on the types of precursors used in their synthesis. This mini-review summarises the recent development of fluorescent biodots with intrinsic biological and/or biomimetic functions, with an aim to examine their formation mechanisms and understand how different types of precursors affect the overall properties of biodots. This is followed by a thorough discussion on the successful utilizations of these biodots for biomedical (e.g., theranostic agents), agricultural (e.g., fertilizers for plant growth) and environmental (e.g., pollutant detection) applications, in order to gain critical insights into the molecular design of multifunctional biodots tailored for different applications. Lastly, we highlight the promising directions and future outlook of biodots with the aid of artificial intelligence, which will potentially accelerate the development of this promising field.

Graphical abstract: Bioinspired carbon dots (biodots): emerging fluorophores with tailored multiple functionalities for biomedical, agricultural and environmental applications

Article information

Article type
Minireview
Submitted
26 জুলাই 2019
Accepted
14 অক্টো 2019
First published
17 অক্টো 2019

Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2020,5, 67-90

Bioinspired carbon dots (biodots): emerging fluorophores with tailored multiple functionalities for biomedical, agricultural and environmental applications

Y. Choi, X. T. Zheng and Y. N. Tan, Mol. Syst. Des. Eng., 2020, 5, 67 DOI: 10.1039/C9ME00086K

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements