Proton-mediated energy storage in intermediate-temperature solid-oxide metal–air batteries

Abstract

Proton-containing ceramics have been investigated for the first time as the supporting phase for the energy storage medium in intermediate-temperature (IT) solid-oxide metal–air redox batteries. The strong interaction between H₂O and oxygen vacancies creates ample protons on the surface of the proton-containing perovskites, which significantly enhanced the reversibility and cycle performance.