Layered transition metal dichalcogenides for electrochemical energy generation and storage

Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) (MoS₂, MoSe₂, WS₂, WSe₂, etc.) are a chemically diverse class of compounds having band gaps from 0 to ∼2 eV and remarkable electrochemical properties. The band gaps and electrochemical properties of TMDs can be tuned by exchanging the transition metal or chalcogenide elements. After a brief description of the most commonly followed synthetic routes to prepare TMDs, we wish to highlight in this review the diverse electrochemical applications of MoS₂, a representative and well-studied TMD, which range from its use as catalysts in hydrogen evolution reactions to its adoption in supercapacitors, batteries, solar cells, and hydrogen storage.