Hierarchical nanoarray materials for advanced nickel–zinc batteries

Abstract

In this work we report hierarchical Co₃O₄@NiO nanostrip@nanorod arrays (Co₃O₄@NiO NSRAs) which are directly grown on three-dimensional conductive substrates by a facile three-step hydrothermal reaction and a following annealing treatment. This hierarchical structure provides several advantages including a large contact surface area, a short ion diffusion path and good charge transport, which validate this film as an advanced electrode for nickel–zinc batteries with both high energy density (5.1 mW h cm⁻²) and power density (82.2 mW cm⁻²).