NMR reveals the surface functionalisation of Ti3C2 MXene

Abstract

¹H and ¹⁹F NMR experiments have identified and quantified the internal surface terminations of Ti₃C₂T_x MXene. –F and –OH terminations are shown to be intimately mixed and there are found to be significantly fewer –OH terminations than –F and –O, with the proportions highly dependent on the synthesis method.