First-principles molecular dynamics simulation of the Ca2UO2(CO3)3 complex in water

Abstract

Recent experiments have shown that the neutral Ca₂UO₂(CO₃)₃ complex is the dominant species of uranium in many uranyl-containing streams. However, the structure and solvation of such a species in water has not been investigated from first principles. Herein we present a first principles molecular dynamics perspective of the Ca₂UO₂(CO₃)₃ complex in water based on density functional theory and Born–Oppenheimer approximation. We find that the Ca₂UO₂(CO₃)₃ complex is very stable in our simulation timeframe for three different concentrations considered and that the key distances from our simulation are in good agreement with the experimental data from extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. More important, we find that the two Ca ions bind differently in the complex, as a result of the hydrogen-bonding network around the whole complex. This finding invites confirmation from time-resolved EXAFS and has implications in understanding the dissociative equilibrium of the Ca₂UO₂(CO₃)₃ complex in water.