Resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) for efficient mechanoredox catalysis without grinding or impact media

Abstract

Resonant acoustic mixing (RAM) enables mechanoredox catalysis with BaTiO₃ as the piezoelectric catalyst on model diazonium coupling reactions. RAM proceeds without formal grinding or impact media, is faster than the analogous ball-milling strategy, and is readily scalable. X-ray diffraction and spectroscopy indicate that reusability of BaTiO₃ as a mechanoredox catalyst under ball-milling or RAM might be limited by boration.