A seed-like structured Mo@ZrS2 catalyst on graphene nanosheets for boosting the performance of rechargeable Zn–air batteries

Abstract

Novel composite materials are being studied by researchers for energy storage and renewable energy applications. Here, a seed-like Mo-doped ZrS₂ catalyst was developed on a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) surface by an annealing and hydrothermal method. Using photoelectron spectroscopy, scanning microscopy, and X-ray diffraction analyses, the structure of Mo@ZrS₂/rGO and the impact of heteroatoms are demonstrated, providing insight into the catalyst. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that Mo@ZrS₂/rGO has been utilized as an efficient energy storage electrocatalyst by offering a very low half-wave potential of 0.80 V for the oxygen reduction reaction in an alkaline solution. Furthermore, Zn–air batteries with a high-power density of 128.6 mW cm⁻² and exceptional cycling stability are demonstrated by the developed array electrocatalyst. Ultimately, the research findings suggest novel perspectives on the structure of ZrS₂ nanoseeds created by Mo surface doping, promote the usage of Zn–air batteries in practical scenarios, and offer a fascinating idea for creating a redox electrocatalyst.