* Corresponding authors

^a State Key Laboratory of Solidification Processing, Center of Advanced Lubrication and Seal Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, P. R. China
E-mail: xqliu@nwpu.edu.cn

^b Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Advanced Materials and Green Manufacture, Yantai, China

^c Institute of Material and Chemistry, Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, China
E-mail: xlhuang@gia.cas.cn

^d Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
E-mail: kevin.m.yang@polyu.edu.hk

^e Research Centre on Data Sciences & Artificial Intelligence, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China

^f Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK