Issue 7, 2025

Formation of the aminoperoxyl radical in the atmospheric oxidation of ammonia

Abstract

Atmospheric oxidation of ammonia is initiated by its reaction with the hydroxyl radical, producing the aminyl radical (NH2). Thus far, it has been believed that the subsequent fate of NH2 is to react bimolecularly with other atmospheric trace gases like NO, NO2, or O3. Its reaction with O2 has been considered insignificant under atmospheric conditions. However, this is based on a rate coefficient that is orders of magnitude smaller than those known for analogous reactions of O2 with carbon-, sulfur-, and other nitrogen-centered radicals. We demonstrate by multireference calculations and kinetic modelling that the reaction of NH2 and O2 leading to the formation of the aminoperoxyl radical (NH2O2) occurs with a rate coefficient similar to those of the aforementioned analogous radicals. We show that the previously estimated small rate coefficient is due to an unimolecular rate limiting step in the formation of measured products rather than the initial NH2 + O2 reaction. The lack of experimental detection of NH2O2 in the existing literature is likely due to the experiments being conducted at either high temperature or low pressure. We show that the atmospheric presence of NH2O2 depends greatly on atmospheric conditions. Its formation is an important, yet previously overlooked pathway in atmospheric ammonia oxidation, especially at low temperatures.

Graphical abstract: Formation of the aminoperoxyl radical in the atmospheric oxidation of ammonia

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
07 Apr 2025
Accepted
06 Jun 2025
First published
10 Jun 2025
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 2025,5, 848-856

Formation of the aminoperoxyl radical in the atmospheric oxidation of ammonia

V. Salo, J. Chen and H. G. Kjaergaard, Environ. Sci.: Atmos., 2025, 5, 848 DOI: 10.1039/D5EA00042D

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