Metal-catalyzed direct alkylations of (hetero)arenes via C–H bond cleavages with unactivated alkyl halides

Abstract

Significant progress has been made in direct alkylations of (hetero)arenes with unactivated alkyl halides. Thus, C–H bond functionalizations were accomplished with β-hydrogen-containing alkyl halides in the presence of palladium, nickel or ruthenium catalysts under basic reaction conditions. A valuable asset of these methodologies is represented by their excellent regio- and chemoselectivities, along with remarkable mild reaction conditions, rendering this approach an attractive alternative to traditional alkylation strategies.