Generalized Johnson–Nyquist noise: white noise of temperature and pressure at the nanoscale

Abstract

White noise is expected to show up in both pressure and temperature at the nanoscale if linear transport equations prevail. This prediction is based on the thermodynamic fluctuation theory in analogy to a new derivation of the Johnson–Nyquist voltage noise. The pressure noise in liquid filled nanotubes, and temperature noise in nanoslabs are estimated and experiments are proposed. Measurements might prove useful in the determination of nanoscopic transport coefficients.