Recent developments in electromembrane extraction

Abstract

Electromembrane extraction (EME) was published for the first time in 2006, and is a liquid-phase microextraction technique intended for analytical sample preparation. In EME, charged analytes are extracted in an electrical field, from the aqueous sample solution, through a supported liquid membrane and into an aqueous acceptor phase. EME is still in an early stage of development, although nearly 80 research papers have been published on the subject. The current paper reviews the EME literature with focus on applications and technical development, and critically discusses the future of the technology.