Fabrication of multilayered TiO2 nanotube arrays and separable nanotube segments

Abstract

Layered TiO₂ nanotube arrays with new structures were prepared by switching the applied voltage of anodization of Ti. Taking advantage of the solvent effect, in an ethylene glycol electrolyte, arrays with thickness-modulated nanotube walls were prepared; in formamide electrolytes, nanotube arrays on 3-D nanopores, arrays with branched structures and arrays with separable nanotube segments were fabricated by designed voltage procedures.