Palladium-catalysed decarboxylative nitrile insertion via C–H activation or self-coupling of indole-2-carboxylic acids: a new route to indolocarbolines and triindoles

Abstract

Palladium catalysed-reaction of indole carboxylic acids with nitriles in the presence of Ag₂CO₃ proceeds via decarboxylative dual C–H activation leading to the nitrile insertion products, triazaindeno-fluorenes (indolocarbolines); in the absence of nitrile, diindolocarbazoles (heptacyclic triindoles or triazatruxenes) are formed.