Photosystem I-polyaniline/TiO2 solid-state solar cells: simple devices for biohybrid solar energy conversion

Abstract

Novel Photosystem I (PSI) based solid-state solar cells were prepared by directly electropolymerizing polyaniline (PAni) in the presence of solubilized PSI on a TiO₂ anode. These devices feature a unique bio-derived, photoactive composite layer for efficient charge separation and charge transfer from protein to electrode. This work introduces a new artificial photosynthesis platform for scalable and sustainable solar energy conversion.