Issue 7, 2015

Preparation of Fe/activated carbon directly from rice husk pyrolytic carbon and its application in catalytic hydroxylation of phenol

Abstract

Rice husk pyrolytic carbon (PC) was pretreated by NaOH solution at 100 °C for 5 h to remove SiO2 and then used to prepare Fe/activated carbon catalyst. The treated sample was impregnated with ferric nitrate solution, and then activated under N2 atmosphere, obtaining Fe/activated carbon catalysts. The samples were characterized by temperature programed decomposition-mass spectra (TPD-MS), Brauner–Emmett–Teller (BET), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The specific surface area increased with activation temperature until 750 °C. With the increase of iron content, the specific surface area of carbon increased first up to 0.39 mmol g−1 iron loaded and then decreased. Reactive decomposition of ferric nitrate happened at 120–350 °C releasing NO and CO2. Part of ferric (Fe(III)) species was reduced to ferrous (Fe(II)) species forming Fe3O4 at 400–550 °C, and metal Fe at 650–750 °C. The Fe/activated carbon exhibited high activity and selectivity for phenol hydroxylation.

Graphical abstract: Preparation of Fe/activated carbon directly from rice husk pyrolytic carbon and its application in catalytic hydroxylation of phenol

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
27 Oct 2014
Accepted
04 Dec 2014
First published
04 Dec 2014

RSC Adv., 2015,5, 4984-4992

Author version available

Preparation of Fe/activated carbon directly from rice husk pyrolytic carbon and its application in catalytic hydroxylation of phenol

X. Zhang, Y. Li, G. Li and C. Hu, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 4984 DOI: 10.1039/C4RA13248C

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