Issue 31, 2015

Sol–gel synthesis of nanocrystal-constructed hierarchically porous TiO2 based composites for lithium ion batteries

Abstract

Hierarchically porous TiO2 based composites (pure TiO2 and TiO2/carbon (TiO2/C) composite) were synthesized by a facile sol–gel process followed by post-calcination. Poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) acts as a phase separation inducer as well as a carbon source. The as-prepared TiO2 based composites possess an interesting hierarchically porous structure constructed of cocontinuous macropores and mesoporous skeletons consisting of interconnected nanocrystals and in situ distributed carbon. The hierarchically porous TiO2/C composite shows excellent electrochemical performance with fast lithium ion diffusion and electronic transport, resulting from the hierarchically porous structure and conductive carbon material. The TiO2/C composite calcined at 500 °C exhibits the highest BET surface area of 170 m2 g−1, superior cycling stability (delivers a remarkable discharge capacity of 132 mA h g−1 at 1 C after 100 cycles) and excellent rate capability (over 96 mA h g−1 at 30 C rate). The results indicate that these hierarchically porous TiO2 based composites could be promising anode materials for high performance lithium ion batteries.

Graphical abstract: Sol–gel synthesis of nanocrystal-constructed hierarchically porous TiO2 based composites for lithium ion batteries

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
22 Dec 2014
Accepted
27 Feb 2015
First published
03 Mar 2015

RSC Adv., 2015,5, 24803-24813

Author version available

Sol–gel synthesis of nanocrystal-constructed hierarchically porous TiO2 based composites for lithium ion batteries

W. Zhu, H. Yang, K. Nakanishi, K. Kanamori and X. Guo, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 24803 DOI: 10.1039/C5RA03491D

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