Selective removal of transition metal ions from aqueous solution by metal–organic frameworks

Abstract

Water stable Zr-based metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with different functional groups were used for selective removal of Cu²⁺ over Ni²⁺ from aqueous solution. Due to the unique chelation effect of two carboxyl groups on the adjacent organic ligand as well as the Jahn–Teller effect, UiO-66(Zr)–2COOH exhibits the highest selectivity (up to about 27) for Cu²⁺/Ni²⁺ in aqueous solution among the reported adsorbents as far as we know. In addition, the removal process is fast with less than 60 min for equilibration, and the stability and regenerability are good. These results may be helpful not only for the efficient treatment of wastewater containing heavy transition metal ions, but also for metal enrichment and recycling.