3,6-Di(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine capped Pd(0) nanoparticles: a catalyst for copper-free Sonogashira coupling of aryl halides in aqueous medium

Abstract

3,6-Di(pyridin-2-yl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (pytz) capped Pd(0) nanoparticles (TzPdNPs) as a catalyst in the Sonogashira coupling of aryl halides in aqueous medium with diminished homocoupling is reported. The methodology provides a facile route to obtain polyfunctional alkynes under ligand- and copper-free conditions. The procedure is also efficient for aryl chlorides.