A composite electrodeposited PbO2/SnO2 positive electrode material for hybrid supercapacitors

Abstract

PbO₂/SnO₂ composites have been prepared by a composite electrodeposition method from Pb²⁺ solution containing different amounts of suspended nano-SnO₂ particles. The chemical composition, crystal structure and surface morphology of the composites were characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicate that the composite composed of rutile phase SnO₂ and β-PbO₂ is rough and porous. The R_F of the PbO₂/SnO₂ composite is approximately 10 times higher than that of the pure PbO₂ electrode. The electrochemical behavior and the capacitance performance of the composite are determined by cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and charge–discharge tests. The composite shows a high specific capacitance up to 208 F g⁻¹, which is four times the specific capacitance of pure PbO₂ and two times that of pure SnO₂.