Issue 14, 2015

Investigations into the origin of pseudocapacitive behavior of Mn3O4 electrodes using in operando Raman spectroscopy

Abstract

A detailed understanding of the phase changes of manganese oxides in a pseudocapacitor during cycling is vital to reveal the mechanism by which they store energy and to achieve a rational design of improved electrode materials. Here we report the results of our probing the phase changes of a Mn3O4 electrode material in a pseudocapacitor during a charging/discharging process using in operando Raman spectroscopy. Along with enhancing performance, the spinel Mn3O4 was transformed to a layered birnessite-type MnO2 upon potential cycling and two types of processes were shown to contribute to the energy storage: intercalation/deintercalation of Na+ and oxidation/reduction of Mn2+. After charging and discharging for ∼10 000 cycles, the specific capacitance of manganese oxide increased almost 3-fold; and the maximum specific capacitance approached 230 F g−1 at a cycling rate of 0.5 A g−1.

Graphical abstract: Investigations into the origin of pseudocapacitive behavior of Mn3O4 electrodes using in operando Raman spectroscopy

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
11 Jan 2015
Accepted
17 Feb 2015
First published
18 Feb 2015

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015,3, 7338-7344

Author version available

Investigations into the origin of pseudocapacitive behavior of Mn3O4 electrodes using in operando Raman spectroscopy

L. Yang, S. Cheng, X. Ji, Y. Jiang, J. Zhou and M. Liu, J. Mater. Chem. A, 2015, 3, 7338 DOI: 10.1039/C5TA00223K

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