Palladium nanoparticles embedded in metal–organic framework derived porous carbon: synthesis and application for efficient Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions

Abstract

A nanoporous carbon (NPC) material was prepared by one-step direct carbonization of a metal–organic framework, MOF-5, without additional carbon precursors. Pd nanoparticles were immobilized on the MOF-5-derived NPC by an impregnation method coupled with subsequent reduction with NaBH₄. The prepared catalyst was in-depth characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and N₂ adsorption. The catalyst was used to catalyze the Suzuki–Miyaura coupling reactions and exhibited high catalytic efficiency with yields ranging from 90% to 99% under mild conditions. The results demonstrated the great application potential of MOF precursor-based metal nanoparticle composites in catalysis.