In situ characterization of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) in collagen and model extracellular matrix by solid state NMR†
Abstract
Non-enzymatic glycation of extracellular matrix with (U-13C5)-D-ribose-5-phosphate (R5P), enables in situ 2D ssNMR identification of many deleterious protein modifications and crosslinks, including previously unreported oxalamido and hemiaminal (CH3–CH(OH)NHR) substructures. Changes in charged residue proportions and distribution may be as important as crosslinking in provoking and understanding harmful tissue changes.