Synthesis, functionalisation and post-synthetic modification of bismuth metal–organic frameworks

Abstract

Two new bismuth metal–organic frameworks (Bi-MOFs) were discovered using high throughput experiments employing bismuth(III) nitrate pentahydrate and triazine-2,4,6-triyl-tribenzoic acid (H₃TATB). The reaction was carried out for long reaction times (∼5 d) in a water/DMF-mixture and resulted in the formation of [Bi₂(O)(OH)(TATB)]·H₂O (denoted as CAU-35). By switching to short reaction times and a methanol/DMF-mixture as the solvent, an analogue of CAU-7-BTB with the composition [Bi(TATB)]·DMF·6H₂O (denoted as CAU-7-TATB) was obtained. The use of the amino-functionalised H₃TATB linker (H₃TATB-NH₂) resulted in the formation of a functionalised porous Bi-MOF with the composition [Bi(TATB-NH₂)]·5H₂O·0.5DMF (CAU-7-TATB-NH₂). The structures of CAU-35 and CAU-7-TATB were successfully solved and refined from the PXRD data. CAU-7-TATB-NH₂ was post-synthetically modified using anhydrides (acetic anhydride and valeric anhydride), cyclic anhydrides (succinic anhydride and phthalic anhydride), and 1,3-propane sultone. The degree of conversion ranged from 33% to 79%.