Electric field induced electronic properties modification of ZrS2/HfS2 van der Waals heterostructure

Abstract

By using first-principles calculations, we investigate the electronic properties of a ZrS₂/HfS₂ heterostructure modulated by an external electric field. An intrinsic type-I band alignment with an indirect band gap is demonstrated, which can be tuned to become type-II by applying an electric field. The spatial distribution of electron–hole pairs with the lowest energy is accordingly separated between different layers of the heterostructure. Moreover, the band gap exhibits linear variation and a semiconductor-to-metal transition can be realized. The underlying mechanism can be attributed to the linear shifts of band edges along with the quasi-Fermi levels splitting of the respective layers, induced by the charge transfer between layers of the heterostructure driven by the external electric field. Our results provide great application potential of the ZrS₂/HfS₂ heterostructure in optoelectronic devices.