Ball-milling synthesis of Co2P nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen doped hollow carbon rods as efficient electrocatalysts

Abstract

Exploring highly active and low-cost electrocatalysts continues to be a significant challenge for the commercialization of renewable electrochemical energy technologies. Herein, a versatile approach is demonstrated to skilfully synthesize Co₂P nanoparticles encapsulated in nitrogen doped hollow carbon rods (Co₂P/N-HCRs) by ball-milling following simple heat treatment. In particular, the Co/C content has an extremely important influence on the formation of Co₂P/N-HCRs with tubular structures. Benefiting from structural advantages and synergistic effects between Co₂P and the protective N-doped graphitic carbon shell, the optimal Co₂P/N-HCRs display comparable electrocatalytic activity and excellent durability relative to a commercial Pt/C catalyst. Apart from providing a promising electrocatalyst alternative, this work, most importantly, holds great potential for a high-yielding yet cost-effective manufacturing strategy to prepare metal phosphide/N–C electrocatalysts for renewable electrochemical energy technologies.