A titanium dioxide nanoparticle sandwiched separator for Na–O2 batteries with suppressed dendrites and extended cycle life

Abstract

Na–O₂ batteries are highly valued batteries with high energy density and low over-potentials, but limited by the threat of sodium dendrites. In this paper, a new trilayer separator with TiO₂ nanoparticles as the middle layer is proposed, which can effectively inhibit the growth of sodium dendrites. The TiO₂ sandwiched separator was used in a Na–O₂ battery, and increased its cycle life. This work provides a new approach to extend the cycle life of sodium-based rechargeable batteries with a sandwiched separator.