Pd(ii)-Catalyzed gamma-C(sp3)–H alkynylation of amides: selective functionalization of R chains of amides R1C(O)NHR

Abstract

The gamma C(sp³)–H bond alkynylation of R chains of amides R¹C(O)NHR, a fundamental class of synthetic substrates, has not been accomplished to date. Here, the first example of palladium(II)-catalyzed alkynylation of an unactivated gamma C(sp³)–H bond of alkyl amides (cyclic, linear, and amino acids) is reported. The kinetic experiment shows that the rate of the reaction depends on the coupling partners and the amides. Late-stage diversification of alkynylated amides was developed by utilizing amine and alkyne functionalities.