Shunaoxin dropping pill, a Chinese herb compound preparation, attenuates memory impairment in d-galactose-induced aging mice

Abstract

The Shunaoxin dropping pill (SNX) is derived from a traditional recipe. It has been used to treat cerebrovascular diseases in China since 2005 (approval number Z20050041). In this study, we used an in vitro H₂O₂-induced PC12 cell oxidative damage model and an in vivo D-gal-induced mouse memory impairment model to investigate whether SNX had neuroprotective effects. In vitro, prior to exposure to 100 μM H₂O₂ for 2 h, PC12 cells were pre-treated with SNX 50 μg mL⁻¹ for 24 h. Hoechst 33258 staining was used to confirm the effect of SNX on apoptosis in the PC12 cells. Our results demonstrate that H₂O₂ suppresses the proliferation of PC12 cells and induces cell death. Pretreatment with SNX attenuates H₂O₂-induced apoptosis in PC12 cells. In vivo, D-gal was administered (100 mg kg⁻¹, subcutaneously (s.c.)) once daily for 8 weeks to induce memory deficit and neurotoxicity in the brain of an aging mouse. Then, SNX (320 mg kg⁻¹) was simultaneously administered orally. The present study demonstrates that SNX can alleviate aging in the mouse brain induced by D-gal via improving behavioral performance, alleviating oxidative stress, inhibiting neuroinflammation, and reducing brain cell damage in the hippocampus. Overall, these data clearly demonstrate the neuroprotective effect of SNX from the in vitro and in vivo results. SNX may be considered a novel agent for easing aging and/or age-related neurodegenerative diseases.