Issue 49, 2018, Issue in Progress

Evaluation of anti α-d-Glcp-(1→4)-α-d-Glcp (GAGA4) IgM antibodies as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis

Abstract

The correct diagnosis of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains challenging due to the complex pathophysiological and clinical characteristics of the disease. Consequently, there has been immense interest in finding a non-invasive diagnostic test for MS. Recent studies found that serum anti-α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp (GAGA4) IgM antibodies were upregulated in MS patients, and this finding led to the development of a commercial diagnostic test (gMS® Dx test), although the test has poor selectivity and has not been independently validated. Herein, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to evaluate the use and reliability of several anti-glucose IgM antibodies, including those against GAGA4, as diagnostic biomarkers for MS. In contrast to previous studies, our results show that serum anti-GAGA4 IgM antibody levels are not significantly higher in MS patients, which could potentially explain the poor selectivity of the commercial test.

Graphical abstract: Evaluation of anti α-d-Glcp-(1→4)-α-d-Glcp (GAGA4) IgM antibodies as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
08 Jun 2018
Accepted
22 Jul 2018
First published
06 Aug 2018
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2018,8, 28086-28093

Evaluation of anti α-D-Glcp-(1→4)-α-D-Glcp (GAGA4) IgM antibodies as a biomarker for multiple sclerosis

C. D. Braganza, K. T. Santoso, E. M. Dangerfield, A. C. La Flamme, M. S. M. Timmer and B. L. Stocker, RSC Adv., 2018, 8, 28086 DOI: 10.1039/C8RA04897E

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