A reversible and turn-on type fluorescence behaviour of hydrogen sulfide via a redox cycle between selenoxide and selenide

Abstract

A turn-on type fluorescence behaviour of H₂S based on a reversible selenoxide/selenide redox system is reported. Very weakly fluorescent selenoxides of 1,4-diphenyl-1-seleno-1,3-butadiene derivatives, incorporated with dibenzobarrelene (Dbb)- or (mono)benzobarrelene (Mbb) (DbbSeO and MbbSeO, respectively), are reduced quickly with NaSH as the equivalent of H₂S in a dilute solution of CH₃CN/PBS at pH 7.4 to yield the respective intensely fluorescent selenides (DbbSe and MbbSe). The selenoxides are highly selective for H₂S compared to other biothiols such as L-cysteine (Cys) and reduced glutathione (GSH). On the other hand, the intense fluorescence of DbbSe is effectively quenched by oxidation with NaOCl as the equivalent of HOCl. The oxidation also showed high selectivity toward HOCl against other oxidants such as H₂O₂, t-BuOOH, and ONOO⁻. This reversibility of the fluorescence behaviour suggests that this system could monitor H₂S and HOCl generation in one-pot. The fluorescence properties of DbbSe and DbbSeO were discussed based on the results of TD-DFT calculations.