Controlled crystal facet of MAPbI3 perovskite for highly efficient and stable solar cell via nucleation modulation

Yongchao Ma; Pesi Mwitumwa Hangoma; Woon Ik Park; Jae-Hong Lim; Yun Kyung Jung; Jung Hyun Jeong; Sung Heum Park; Kwang Ho Kim

doi:10.1039/C8NR08344D

Controlled crystal facet of MAPbI₃ perovskite for highly efficient and stable solar cell via nucleation modulation†

Yongchao Ma,^ab Pesi Mwitumwa Hangoma,^a Woon Ik Park,^bc Jae-Hong Lim,

^bd Yun Kyung Jung,^e Jung Hyun Jeong,

^a Sung Heum Park

*^ab and Kwang Ho Kim

*^b

Author affiliations

* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Physics, Pukyong National University, Busan, South Korea
E-mail: spark@pknu.ac.kr

^b Hybrid Interface Materials Global Frontier Research Group, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, South Korea
E-mail: kwhokim@pusan.ac.kr

^c Electronic Convergence Materials Division, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering & Technology (KICET) 101 Soho-ro, Jinju 52851, South Korea

^d Electrochemistry Department, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondaero, Changwon, Gyeongnam, South Korea

^e School of Biomedical Engineering, Inje University, Inje-ro 197, Gimhae, Gyeongnam 50834, South Korea

Abstract

The crystallization of MAPbI₃ perovskite films was purposefully engineered to investigate the governing factors which determine their morphological properties and moisture stability. By modulating nucleation, we obtained a single layer perovskite film with controlled crystal facet orientation and grain size. The lack of perovskite nucleation sites during crystallization allowed us to tailor the resulting crystallization phase. Theoretical calculations indicated that the nucleation sites for perovskite growth are related to the electron density around the oxygen atom (C [double bond, length as m-dash] O and SO) in a Lewis base. A single layer of micrometer-sized and (110)-oriented perovskite crystals was achieved in the optimized MAPbI₃ films via suppressing the formation of nucleation sites. We fabricated inverted perovskite solar cells with the structure of glass/ITO/PEDOT:PSS/MAPbI₃/PC₆₁BM/Al which exhibited a high power conversion efficiency of 17.5% and a high fill factor over 83%. In addition, a study of the moisture stability indicated that the (110) facet orientation of the perovskite grains plays a more important role in film degradation than grain size.

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Article information

DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C8NR08344D
Article type: Paper
Submitted: 15 Oct 2018
Accepted: 30 Nov 2018
First published: 03 Dec 2018

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Nanoscale, 2019,11, 170-177

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Controlled crystal facet of MAPbI₃ perovskite for highly efficient and stable solar cell via nucleation modulation

Y. Ma, P. M. Hangoma, W. I. Park, J. Lim, Y. K. Jung, J. H. Jeong, S. H. Park and K. H. Kim, Nanoscale, 2019, 11, 170 DOI: 10.1039/C8NR08344D

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