Issue 10, 2019

Reusable bentonite clay: modelling and optimization of hazardous lead and p-nitrophenol adsorption using a response surface methodology approach

Abstract

In this work, bentonite clay (BC) calcined at 500 °C was used as an adsorbent (BC-500) for the adsorption of Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol. The ability of BC-500 for the removal of Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol has been investigated. The adsorption studies tailored well the pseudo-first-order and the Langmuir model for Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol both. In addition, the optimal removal of Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol was found at pH 5 for Pb2+ and pH 6 for p-nitrophenol. However, the change of temperature (20–60 °C) was found to have a negative effect on the adsorption process on BC-500. Based on the Dubinin–Radushkevich model the adsorption occurs via a physical process. Accordingly, the adsorption mechanism was proposed using N2-physisorption analysis before and after adsorption of Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol. The reusability of BC-500 was examined and the outcomes recommended that BC-500 had good potential as an economic and proficient adsorbent for Pb2+ or p-nitrophenol from contaminated water. Finally, the experimental Pb2+ and p-nitrophenol removal efficiency were found to be 90.93 ± 2.15% and 98.06 ± 1.87% while the predicted value by model equals 91.28 ± 1.68 and 97.24 ± 2.54, respectively, showing that the predicted model values are in good agreement with the experimental value.

Graphical abstract: Reusable bentonite clay: modelling and optimization of hazardous lead and p-nitrophenol adsorption using a response surface methodology approach

Associated articles

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 Jan 2019
Accepted
12 Feb 2019
First published
15 Feb 2019
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2019,9, 5756-5769

Reusable bentonite clay: modelling and optimization of hazardous lead and p-nitrophenol adsorption using a response surface methodology approach

M. Zbair, Z. Anfar and H. A. Ahsaine, RSC Adv., 2019, 9, 5756 DOI: 10.1039/C9RA00079H

This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence. You can use material from this article in other publications, without requesting further permission from the RSC, provided that the correct acknowledgement is given and it is not used for commercial purposes.

To request permission to reproduce material from this article in a commercial publication, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party commercial publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements