Issue 34, 2019

Epoxy–amine oligomers from terpenes with applications in synergistic antifungal treatments

Abstract

A bis-epoxide monomer was synthesised in two steps from (R)-carvone, a terpenoid renewable feedstock derived from spearmint oil, and used to prepare β-aminoalcohol oligomers in polyaddition reactions with bis-amines without requiring solvent or catalyst. A sub-set of the resultant materials were readily water soluble and were investigated for antifungal activity in combination with the fungicide iodopropynyl-butylcarbamate (IPBC) or the antifungal drug amphotericin B. The oligo-(β-aminoalcohol)s alone were inactive against Trichoderma virens and Candida albicans but in combination with IPBC and amphotericin B demonstrated synergistic growth-inhibition of both fungi. Quantitative analysis showed that the presence of the terpene-based oligomers decreased the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of IPBC by up to 64-fold and of amphotericin B by 8-fold. The efficacy of the combined formulation was further demonstrated with agar disk diffusion assays, which revealed that IPBC and amphotericin B reduced the growth of the fungi, as shown by zones of inhibition, to a greater extent when in the presence of the oligo-(β-aminoalcohol)s. These data suggest potential future use of these renewable feedstock derived oligomers in antifungal material and related biomedical applications.

Graphical abstract: Epoxy–amine oligomers from terpenes with applications in synergistic antifungal treatments

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
03 May 2019
Accepted
16 Jul 2019
First published
18 Jul 2019

J. Mater. Chem. B, 2019,7, 5222-5229

Epoxy–amine oligomers from terpenes with applications in synergistic antifungal treatments

D. M. O’Brien, C. Vallieres, C. Alexander, S. M. Howdle, R. A. Stockman and S. V. Avery, J. Mater. Chem. B, 2019, 7, 5222 DOI: 10.1039/C9TB00878K

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