A high-temperature multiaxial precision time-delayed dielectric switch crystal triggered by linear/propeller/ball three-form motion

Abstract

Sensors and memory switches promise to optimize the extent of, and access to, switchable dielectric materials. Multiaxial time-delayed dielectric switches holding extraordinary thermal hysteresis exhibit extensive potential in delay sensing and time-delayed triggering devices. Nonetheless, efficient evoking is still scarce. Since [(CH₃)₃NCH₂Cl]MnCl₃¹ was discovered by us, this cation rotation pattern with motor-type motion structure has further attracted our attention. Here, organic ionic plastic crystal (OIPC) [trimethylallyl ammonium]₃[Bi₂Cl₉] [(TMAA)₃-Bi₂Cl₉], a high-temperature multiaxial precision time-delayed dielectric switch crystal triggered by linear/propeller/ball three-form motion, mainly stems from the order–disorder transitions of [TMAA]⁺ cations, which are evidenced by heat anomalies of the temperature-dependent dielectric and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurements, and the variable-temperature powder X-ray diffractometry (PXRD). The long time needed for a molecule to transition from rotational motion to a static condition can be ascribed to the exceptional linear-propeller-global ball-like motion, inducing the large thermal hysteresis. Intriguingly, the motion-stationary mode is reversible, that is to say, the thermal hysteresis temperature holds constant in each time, which is highly conducive to the precision time-delayed sensing. More importantly, our work will prompt the generation and evolution of novel delay sensors and switches, which makes it a new upsurge in high-performance dielectric response materials with multiaxial natures.