Issue 17, 2020

Utilizing hydrogen underpotential deposition in CO reduction for highly selective formaldehyde production under ambient conditions

Abstract

Formaldehyde is an essential building block for hundreds of chemicals and a promising liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC), yet its indirect energy-intensive synthesis process prohibits it from playing a more significant role. Here we report a direct CO reduction to formaldehyde (CORTF) process that utilizes hydrogen underpotential deposition to overcome the thermodynamic barrier and the scaling relationship restriction. This is the first time that this reaction has been realized under ambient conditions. Using molybdenum phosphide as a catalyst, formaldehyde was produced with nearly a 100% faradaic efficiency in aqueous KOH solution, with its formation rate being one order of magnitude higher compared with the state-of-the-art thermal catalysis approach. Simultaneous tuning of the current density and reaction temperature led to a more selective and productive formaldehyde synthesis, indicating the electrochemical and thermal duality of this reaction. DFT calculations revealed that the desorption of the *H2CO intermediate likely served as the rate-limiting step, and the participation of H2O made the reaction thermodynamically favorable. Furthermore, a full-cell reaction set-up was demonstrated with CO hydrogenation to HCHO achieved without any energy input, which fully realized the spontaneous potential of the reaction. Our study shows the feasibility of combining thermal and electrochemical approaches for realizing the thermodynamics and for scaling relationship-confined reactions, which could serve as a new strategy in future reaction design.

Graphical abstract: Utilizing hydrogen underpotential deposition in CO reduction for highly selective formaldehyde production under ambient conditions

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
22 Apr 2020
Accepted
20 Jun 2020
First published
22 Jun 2020

Green Chem., 2020,22, 5639-5647

Author version available

Utilizing hydrogen underpotential deposition in CO reduction for highly selective formaldehyde production under ambient conditions

L. Yao, Y. Pan, X. Shen, D. Wu, A. Bentalib and Z. Peng, Green Chem., 2020, 22, 5639 DOI: 10.1039/D0GC01412E

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