Plasmon-enhanced nonlinear nanofocusing of gold nanoprisms driven via an ultrafast azimuthal vector beam

Abstract

We present the plasmon-enhanced nonlinear nanofocusing of a gold (Au) nanoprism array substrate (ANAS) driven via an ultrafast azimuthal vector beam (AVB). Theoretical calculations show that the electric-field intensity of the ANAS vertically excited via the femtosecond AVB is higher than that of LPB excitation. In this experiment, the second-order surface nonlinear optical response of the ANAS is adopted to examine the nonlinear plasmonic nanofocusing of the ANAS, and it was observed that the second harmonic (SH) intensity of the ANAS excited via the femtosecond AVB is ∼3.8 times higher than that of LPB excitation, revealing that the ANAS under AVB excitation has a better nonlinear plasmonic nanofocusing characteristic than that under LPB excitation. Furthermore, the GaSe nanosheets are transferred on the ANAS to examine the nonlinear plasmonic nanofocusing of the ANAS. The SH intensity of the GaSe nanosheets deposited on the ANAS via the femtosecond AVB excitation has been enhanced ∼4.7 times than that of LPB excitation, indicating that the ANAS via AVB excitation has better nonlinear plasmonic nanofocusing than that of LPB excitation. This method may be used as a nonlinear nanofocusing light source to increase the light–matter nonlinear interaction.