Advances in the application of manganese dioxide and its composites as electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction

Abstract

The electrocatalysis of oxygen evolution reaction (OER) has played an important role in metal–air batteries, water splitting, and so on. Therefore, it is essential to explore exceptional electrocatalysts for these energy systems. Nanostructured manganese dioxide (MnO₂) and its composites perform well as electrocatalysts in OER owing to their morphologies, pore structures, and crystallographic structures. This review exhaustively summarizes MnO₂ and its composites with respect to their applications in the OER. Moreover, the influence of structures and polymorphs of MnO₂ and its composites on OER properties is thoroughly discussed. We believe that in future, MnO₂ and its composites as electrocatalysts for OER can have a profound and lasting impact.