Optimization of polarization behavior in (1 − x)BSBNT–xNN ceramics for pulsed power capacitors

Abstract

Antiferroelectric NaNbO₃ (NN) is chosen to modify a compositionally optimized BNT-based relaxor ferroelectric ceramic, (Ba_0.3Sr_0.7)_0.35(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.65TiO₃ (BSBNT), having the formula (1 − x)BSBNT–xNN, in which x = 0, 0.02, 0.04, 0.06, 0.08, and 0.10. All dense ceramics are indexed to a pure pseudocubic phase and show strong relaxor characteristics. For the 0.94BSBNT–0.06NN ceramic, a high recoverable energy density of W_rec = 1.25 J cm⁻³ is obtained at room temperature due to an optimization of the polarization behavior. The temperature dependent P–E hysteresis loop measurement and the fast charge–discharge test under underdamped and overdamped circuit conditions both demonstrate its relatively good temperature stability of energy storage properties. Together with excellent cycling reliability up to 10⁵ cycles, the 0.94BSBNT–0.06NN ceramic has much potential for solid state compact pulsed power capacitors.