Achieving high energy efficiency and energy density in PbHfO3-based antiferroelectric ceramics

Abstract

Antiferroelectric materials with higher electric field, reduced energy dissipation and lower remanent polarization generally display excellent energy storage performance. In this work, Pb_0.98La_0.02(Hf_xSn_1−x)_0.995O₃ lead-based antiferroelectric ceramics were synthesized by a rolling process. It is revealed that the inhomogeneous distribution of Sn⁴⁺ can disorder the local structure, which is responsible for the slim hysteresis loops. Superior energy storage performance (recoverable energy density W_rec = 7.63 J cm⁻³, η = 94% at an electric field of 380 kV cm⁻¹) with excellent thermal stability (20–120 °C) were achieved in Pb_0.98La_0.02(Hf_0.45Sn_0.55)_0.995O₃ ceramic. In addition, it also shows a notable discharge current density of 1430 A cm⁻² and high level of power density of 193 MW cm⁻³ with a fast discharge speed (112 ns discharge period), which greatly promote the application of this series of component materials in energy storage applications.