dsDNA-templated fluorescent copper nanoparticles for the detection of lipopolysaccharides

Abstract

The introduction of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or endotoxins that originate from Gram-negative bacteria into the human blood stream induces a severe immune response that can lead to septic shock, and even death. Hence, the accurate detection of LPS is of great importance in the medical and pharmaceutical sectors. This paper proposes a novel label-free fluorescence assay for the detection of LPS utilizing aptamers and the interference synthesis of dsDNA-templated copper nanoparticles. The assay can be performed at room temperature and does not require expensive reagents. The proposed assay has a limit of detection of 0.95 ng ml⁻¹ of LPS, and the fluorescence emission from the copper nanoparticles was found to vary linearly with the concentration of LPS over a wide range (1 to 10⁵ ng ml⁻¹) with R² = 0.9877.