The synthesis of conjugated microporous polymers via nucleophilic substitution of hydroquinone with cyanuric chloride and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene for sensing to 2,4-dinitrophenol and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol

Abstract

Hydroquinone is an electron-rich connector, and it contains phenolic hydroxyls similar to electron-deficient 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and 2,4,6-trinitrophenol (TNP). In this paper, two conjugated microporous polymers (THQ and HHQ) were synthesized via the nucleophilic substitution reactions of hydroquinone with cyanuric chloride (CC) and hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP). The structures of the CMPs were fully characterized by FT-IR, ss ¹³C NMR, and elemental analysis. The BET specific surface areas of THQ and HHQ are 71.55 and 24.16 m² g⁻¹. THQ and HHQ have excellent fluorescence sensing performance for DNP and TNP, respectively, with high K_sv of 6.50 × 10⁴ and 2.30 × 10⁵ L mol⁻¹ and low limit of detections (LODs) of 1.85 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 1.30 × 10⁻¹¹ mol L⁻¹.