Na3VO4 as a new anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Abstract

Sodium vanadate, Na₃VO₄, is prepared for the first time as a new anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), showing satisfactory capacity, an ultra-long cycle life and excellent rate capability. When cycling at a current of 0.1 A g⁻¹, the Na₃VO₄ electrode delivers a high reversible capacity of 535.2 mA h g⁻¹ after 610 cycles. Then cycling at a current of 1 A g⁻¹, the Na₃VO₄ electrode still retains a discharge capacity of 208 mA h g⁻¹ after 2000 cycles. After rate performance testing from 0.1 to 1.6 A g⁻¹ over 210 cycles, the Na₃VO₄ electrode retains a satisfactory capacity of 350 mA h g⁻¹, when the current returns to 0.1 A g⁻¹. The superior comprehensive electrochemical performance and low cost of Na₃VO₄ endow it with great potential for practical applications in LIBs.