Boosted interfacial charge transfer in SnO2/SnSe2 heterostructures: toward ultrasensitive room-temperature H2S detection

Abstract

Constructing heterostructures could endow materials with exceptional properties in gas sensing applications owing to boosted interfacial charge transfer. The rational design and controllable synthesis of heterostructures with a high-quality interface, however, still remains a challenge. Herein, novel Sn atom cosharing SnO₂/SnSe₂ heterostructures with an intimate-contact interface and tunable composition were fabricated via a facile in situ oxidation method. An efficient increase in charge transfer can be achieved at the heterointerface through density functional theory calculations. The gas sensor based on SnO₂/SnSe₂ exhibited an ultrahigh response toward 10 ppm H₂S at room temperature (resistance ratio = 32), roughly 4.5 and 16 times higher than that of pure SnO₂ and SnSe₂, respectively. Moreover, the sensor exhibited an ultralow detection limit of 10 ppb, superior sensing selectivity, and reliable long-term stability. This enhancement is primarily attributed to the numerous n–n heterojunctions, the boosted interfacial charge transfer, and the increased active sites of SnO₂/SnSe₂ heterostructures. The obtained results prove that SnO₂/SnSe₂ is a promising candidate material for room-temperature H₂S gas sensing and offer guidance for rational material design to develop heterostructure-based sensors.