Bimetallic cobalt–iron diselenide nanorod modified glassy carbon electrode: an electrochemical sensing platform for the selective detection of isoniazid

Abstract

The increasing demand of a sensitive and portable electrochemical sensing platform in pharmaceutical analysis has developed widespread interest in preparing electrode materials possessing remarkable properties for the electrochemical determination of target drug analytes. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization and application of bimetallic cobalt-iron diselenide (FeCoSe₂) nanorods as electrode modifiers for the selective detection of a commonly used anti-tuberculosis drug Isoniazid (INZ). We prepared FeCoSe₂ nanorods by a simple hydrothermal route and characterized these by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and temperature-programmed reduction (TPR) techniques. The electrochemical characterization of FeCoSe₂ modified GCE was performed by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV). Under optimized experimental conditions, a linear current-concentration response was obtained for INZ in the range of 0.03–1.0 μM, with very low limit of detection 1.24 × 10⁻¹⁰ M. The real applicability of the designed FeCoSe₂/GCE sensing platform was adjudicated by the detection of INZ in biological samples.