A novel route of colloidal chemistry: room temperature reactive interactions between titanium monoxide and silicon monoxide sols produced by laser ablation in liquid resulting in the formation of titanium disilicide

Abstract

In spite of advanced research on functional colloidal inorganic nanoparticles and their reactivity, room temperature reactive interactions between two different colloids have remained challenging so far. Laser ablation of titanium monoxide and silicon monoxide in ethanol and water allows the generation of TiO-derived and SiO-derived colloidal nanoparticles which were characterized for their stability, size distribution and zeta potentials with dynamic light scattering and after evaporation of solvent examined for their morphology, chemical and phase composition by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and electron diffraction and small angle X-ray scattering. Aqueous and ethanolic TiO-derived colloids consist of anatase and monoclinic TiO, while ethanolic SiO-derived colloids are composed of crystalline and amorphous Si, nanocrystalline Si and SiO₂ and aqueous SiO-derived colloids contain, in addition to these phases, a high pressure form of cristobalite. Simple room temperature mixing of ethanolic TiO- and SiO-derived colloids allows the formation of TiSi₂, which is a case of so far unreported room temperature reactive interactions between two colloidal species. All colloids absorb solar light and act as photocatalysts for methylene blue degradation. These findings present a challenge for further search for feasible room-temperature reactions between distinct colloidal particles and open the potential for green synthesis of other desirable and hardly achievable phases.