Preparation of highly crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone–polydivinylbenzene adsorbents based on reinitiation of suspended double bonds to achieve excellent blood compatibility and bilirubin removal

Abstract

Excess bilirubin in the body will lead to a series of damage to tissues and organs. At present, hemoperfusion is used to remove excess bilirubin. However, commercial adsorbents have the disadvantages of low adsorption capacity and poor blood compatibility. The adsorbents reported in the existing literature have the disadvantages of small particle size, rough surface, low strength and complex synthesis. Based on the structural characteristics of bilirubin, we introduced hydrophilic polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) chain segments into hydrophobic polydivinylbenzene (PDVB) frameworks by reinitiation of suspended double bonds. A class of adsorbents (DP adsorbents) with a large particle size, smooth surface, uniform distribution of functional groups, highly crosslinked structure and high specific surface area were synthesized. Bilirubin is adsorbed by a DP adsorbent through hydrophobic–hydrogen bond synergy. The adsorption properties of the DP adsorbent with different skeleton structures for bilirubin and anti-nonspecific protein adsorption were investigated, and the best adsorbent DP-4 was selected. Compared with commercial adsorbent BL-300, the free bilirubin adsorption performance of DP-4 was 3.6 times that of BL-300, and the bilirubin adsorption performance of DP-4 in the presence of albumin was 4.4 times that of BL-300. The results of protein adsorption, the blood coagulation experiment, platelet adhesion, hematological evaluation and the hemolysis test showed that DP-4 had good blood compatibility without any treatment.