Nano-silver functionalized spherical activated carbon with enhanced dipropyl sulfide adsorption capacity and antibacterial properties

Abstract

Owing to the large dynamic adsorption performance and excellent mechanical strength, spherical activated carbon (SAC) has been widely applied in the field of biochemical protection. However, the adsorbed chemical warfare agent molecules might easily escape from the pores of SAC due to the impact of ambient temperature and humidity, resulting in secondary pollution. Herein, to improve the adsorption performance of SAC, an excessive impregnation method was used to fabricate nano-silver functionalized spherical activated carbon (Ag-SAC). The surface physicochemical structure of the obtained Ag-SAC was extensively studied, and dipropyl sulfide (DPS), a simulant of sulfur mustard (HD), was employed as the adsorbate to evaluate its adsorption capability. The effects of AgNO₃ impregnation concentration, reaction time, initial concentration and temperature on the adsorption performance, were investigated. The equilibrium adsorption capacity of Ag-SAC towards DPS increased by 13.41% compared with that of pristine SAC. Kinetic models, adsorption isotherm models, and adsorption thermodynamics were used to study the adsorption mechanism. The results revealed that the adsorption of DPS by Ag-SAC is a mixed synergistic process, which includes chemical adsorption and physical adsorption. Moreover, the Ag-SAC exhibited good antibacterial characteristics, with an antibacterial rate over 99.28% against Escherichia coli. We anticipate that the Ag-SAC could be a promising material for the development of high performance breathable biochemical protection clothing.